Record Information
Version1.0
Creation Date2016-09-30 22:18:50 UTC
Update Date2020-06-04 22:16:22 UTC
MCDB ID BMDB0000039
Secondary Accession Numbers
  • BMDB00039
Metabolite Identification
Common NameButyric acid
DescriptionButyric acid, also known as butyrate or butanoic acid, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as straight chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with a straight aliphatic chain. Butyric acid exists as a liquid, very hydrophobic, practically insoluble (in water), and relatively neutral molecule. Butyric acid exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. Butyric acid is a potentially toxic compound.
Structure
Thumb
Synonyms
ValueSource
1-Butanoic acidChEBI
1-Butyric acidChEBI
1-Propanecarboxylic acidChEBI
4:0ChEBI
Acide butanoiqueChEBI
Acide butyriqueChEBI
Butanic acidChEBI
ButanoateChEBI
Butanoic acidChEBI
Butoic acidChEBI
ButtersaeureChEBI
C4:0ChEBI
CH3-[CH2]2-COOHChEBI
Ethylacetic acidChEBI
N-Butanoic acidChEBI
N-Butyric acidChEBI
Propanecarboxylic acidChEBI
Propylformic acidChEBI
ButyrateKegg
1-ButanoateGenerator
1-ButyrateGenerator
1-PropanecarboxylateGenerator
ButanateGenerator
ButoateGenerator
EthylacetateGenerator
N-ButanoateGenerator
N-ButyrateGenerator
PropanecarboxylateGenerator
PropylformateGenerator
Honey robberHMDB
Kyselina maselnaHMDB
Butyrate, magnesiumHMDB
Magnesium butyrateHMDB
Acid, butyricHMDB
Butyrate, sodiumHMDB
Dibutyrate, magnesiumHMDB
Magnesium dibutyrateHMDB
Sodium butyrateHMDB
Acid, butanoicHMDB
Butyric acid magnesium saltHMDB
Butyric acid, sodium saltHMDB
FA(4:0)HMDB
Butyric acidKEGG
Chemical FormulaC4H8O2
Average Molecular Weight88.1051
Monoisotopic Molecular Weight88.0524295
IUPAC Namebutanoic acid
Traditional Namebutyric acid
CAS Registry Number107-92-6
SMILES
CCCC(O)=O
InChI Identifier
InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)
InChI KeyFERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Chemical Taxonomy
Description belongs to the class of organic compounds known as straight chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with a straight aliphatic chain.
KingdomOrganic compounds
Super ClassLipids and lipid-like molecules
ClassFatty Acyls
Sub ClassFatty acids and conjugates
Direct ParentStraight chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Substituents
  • Straight chain fatty acid
  • Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
  • Carboxylic acid
  • Carboxylic acid derivative
  • Organic oxygen compound
  • Organic oxide
  • Hydrocarbon derivative
  • Organooxygen compound
  • Carbonyl group
  • Aliphatic acyclic compound
Molecular FrameworkAliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Physical Properties
StateLiquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueReference
Melting Point-5.7 °CNot Available
Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available
Water Solubility60 mg/mLNot Available
LogP0.79HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
logP0.78ALOGPS
logP0.92ChemAxon
logS0.43ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.91ChemAxon
Physiological Charge-1ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 ŲChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon
Refractivity21.87 m³·mol⁻¹ChemAxon
Polarizability9.22 ųChemAxon
Number of Rings0ChemAxon
Bioavailability1ChemAxon
Rule of FiveYesChemAxon
Ghose FilterNoChemAxon
Veber's RuleYesChemAxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemAxon
Spectra
Spectrum TypeDescriptionSplash KeyDeposition DateView
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-03dl-9000000000-6dc57ea0c6b21d3f8aa12017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-03dl-9000000000-032fc35b394786b5896a2017-09-12View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-03dl-9000000000-6dc57ea0c6b21d3f8aa12018-05-18View Spectrum
GC-MSGC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)splash10-03dl-9000000000-032fc35b394786b5896a2018-05-18View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-002f-9000000000-a7792b54320e7c8597312016-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positivesplash10-00fr-9100000000-d125b331c4a6d37648a12017-10-06View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-10-12View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MSPredicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, PositiveNot Available2021-11-05View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-000i-9000000000-7f461db56bfd8568ec712012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-000i-9000000000-66f857fa612f773837bc2012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Negative (Annotated)splash10-000i-9000000000-e6689b2e6bf21570b9342012-07-24View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , Positivesplash10-03dl-9000000000-b2ffa7d67b2466dea94f2012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positivesplash10-03dl-9000000000-7467bf19c64fd3f511052012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-9ae015043b014b3c93d92012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-e30b3c6bd6218b9b49e12012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-efbb0e35a19a1713240b2012-08-31View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-9ae015043b014b3c93d92017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-e30b3c6bd6218b9b49e12017-09-14View Spectrum
LC-MS/MSLC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-efbb0e35a19a1713240b2017-09-14View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00di-9000000000-acb5cf0017a9ee680dd82015-05-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-00dl-9000000000-812e24462a71dccb0fec2015-05-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-f9d30338ca1ee94099642015-05-26View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-9d749b6b6cf2f93a8f852015-05-27View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-00ku-9000000000-ee742730266fb49977772015-05-27View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-0006-9000000000-88fc445cddcb726e93d82015-05-27View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negativesplash10-000i-9000000000-4b3590a18d40d4d58a012021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negativesplash10-014r-9000000000-140190568a3f2b3c6f012021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negativesplash10-00kf-9000000000-1f7dab1fbd0179ef6d172021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positivesplash10-00dl-9000000000-020fcfb652dc5a6f30362021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-3e4b1bc1291a3fbf86c92021-09-22View Spectrum
Predicted LC-MS/MSPredicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positivesplash10-0006-9000000000-1f57e9adb6de1499caf52021-09-22View Spectrum
MSMass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)splash10-03di-9000000000-5338ff8a9c4e59150aba2014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not Available2012-12-04View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not Available2012-12-04View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, 90 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-20View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, 15.09 MHz, CDCl3, experimental)Not Available2014-09-23View Spectrum
1D NMR1H NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Not Available2016-10-22View Spectrum
1D NMR13C NMR Spectrum (1D, D2O, experimental)Not Available2016-10-22View Spectrum
2D NMR[1H, 13C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H2O, experimental)Not Available2012-12-04View Spectrum
Concentrations
StatusValueReferenceDetails
Detected and Quantified31780 +/- 12485 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified17138 +/- 2724 uMTotal fatty acid
  • M. Ferrand et al....
details
Detected and Quantified16798 +/- 2837 uMTotal fatty acid
  • M. Ferrand et al....
details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable details
Detected and Quantified6924 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified5675 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified1135 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified2724 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified1135 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified13393 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified14642 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified12485 uMTotal fatty acid details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable
  • Lawrence K. Cream...
details
Detected but not QuantifiedNot Applicable
  • Lawrence K. Cream...
details
Detected and Quantified33 +/- 5 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified37 +/- 2 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified41 +/- 3 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified42 +/- 4 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified44 +/- 16 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified35 +/- 17 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified29 +/- 5.72 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified52.55 +/- 6.31 uMFree fatty acid
  • Bashar Amer, Caro...
details
Detected and Quantified56.75 +/- 5.46 uMFree fatty acid
  • Bashar Amer, Caro...
details
Detected and Quantified21.84 +/- 3.36 uMFree fatty acid
  • Bashar Amer, Caro...
details
Detected and Quantified20.16 +/- 5.04 uMFree fatty acid
  • Bashar Amer, Caro...
details
Detected and Quantified46.08 +/- 0.72 uMFree fatty acid
  • Bashar Amer, Caro...
details
Detected and Quantified44 +/- 1 uMFree fatty acid
  • Catrienus De Jong...
details
Detected and Quantified0.9 (0.7 - 1.2) uMFree fatty acid
  • Harper, W. J., Go...
details
Detected and Quantified0.8 (0.6 - 1.1) uMFree fatty acid
  • Harper, W. J., Go...
details
Detected and Quantified1.2 (0.8 - 2.4) uMFree fatty acid
  • Harper, W. J., Go...
details
Detected and Quantified5.6 (2.4 - 9.6) uMFree fatty acid
  • Harper, W. J., Go...
details
Detected and Quantified37 +/- 1 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified34.9 +/- 0.2 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified24 +/- 1 uMFree fatty acid details
Detected and Quantified27 +/- 1 uMFree fatty acid details
HMDB IDHMDB0000039
DrugBank IDDB03568
Phenol Explorer Compound IDNot Available
FoodDB IDFDB031031
KNApSAcK IDC00001180
Chemspider ID259
KEGG Compound IDC00246
BioCyc IDBUTYRIC_ACID
BiGG ID34376
Wikipedia LinkButyric_acid
METLIN ID107
PubChem Compound264
PDB IDNot Available
ChEBI ID30772
References
Synthesis ReferenceShan, Zhiping. Preparation of butyric acid by hydrogenation of maleic anhydride. U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2008), 6pp.
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)Download (PDF)
General References
  1. Soyeurt H, Dardenne P, Dehareng F, Lognay G, Veselko D, Marlier M, Bertozzi C, Mayeres P, Gengler N: Estimating fatty acid content in cow milk using mid-infrared spectrometry. J Dairy Sci. 2006 Sep;89(9):3690-5. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72409-2. [PubMed:16899705 ]
  2. Jensen RG: The composition of bovine milk lipids: January 1995 to December 2000. J Dairy Sci. 2002 Feb;85(2):295-350. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74079-4. [PubMed:11913692 ]
  3. Jensen RG, Ferris AM, Lammi-Keefe CJ: The composition of milk fat. J Dairy Sci. 1991 Sep;74(9):3228-43. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78509-3. [PubMed:1779072 ]
  4. Sundekilde UK, Poulsen NA, Larsen LB, Bertram HC: Nuclear magnetic resonance metabonomics reveals strong association between milk metabolites and somatic cell count in bovine milk. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Jan;96(1):290-9. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5819. Epub 2012 Nov 22. [PubMed:23182357 ]
  5. Sundekilde UK, Gustavsson F, Poulsen NA, Glantz M, Paulsson M, Larsen LB, Bertram HC: Association between the bovine milk metabolome and rennet-induced coagulation properties of milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6076-84. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8304. Epub 2014 Jul 30. [PubMed:25087032 ]
  6. Colman E, Fokkink WB, Craninx M, Newbold JR, De Baets B, Fievez V: Effect of induction of subacute ruminal acidosis on milk fat profile and rumen parameters. J Dairy Sci. 2010 Oct;93(10):4759-73. doi: 10.3168/jds.2010-3158. [PubMed:20855010 ]
  7. Buitenhuis AJ, Sundekilde UK, Poulsen NA, Bertram HC, Larsen LB, Sorensen P: Estimation of genetic parameters and detection of quantitative trait loci for metabolites in Danish Holstein milk. J Dairy Sci. 2013 May;96(5):3285-95. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5914. Epub 2013 Mar 15. [PubMed:23497994 ]
  8. GARTON GA: THE COMPOSITION AND BIOSYNTHESIS OF MILK LIPIDS. J Lipid Res. 1963 Jul;4:237-54. [PubMed:14168161 ]
  9. Scano P, Murgia A, Pirisi FM, Caboni P: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach for the characterization of goat milk compared with cow milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6057-66. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8247. Epub 2014 Aug 6. [PubMed:25108860 ]
  10. O'Callaghan TF, Vazquez-Fresno R, Serra-Cayuela A, Dong E, Mandal R, Hennessy D, McAuliffe S, Dillon P, Wishart DS, Stanton C, Ross RP: Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome. Metabolites. 2018 Apr 6;8(2). pii: metabo8020027. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020027. [PubMed:29642378 ]
  11. Antunes-Fernandes EC, van Gastelen S, Dijkstra J, Hettinga KA, Vervoort J: Milk metabolome relates enteric methane emission to milk synthesis and energy metabolism pathways. J Dairy Sci. 2016 Aug;99(8):6251-6262. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10248. Epub 2016 May 26. [PubMed:27236769 ]
  12. van Gastelen S, Antunes-Fernandes EC, Hettinga KA, Dijkstra J: Relationships between methane emission of Holstein Friesian dairy cows and fatty acids, volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites in milk. Animal. 2017 Sep;11(9):1539-1548. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117000295. Epub 2017 Feb 21. [PubMed:28219465 ]
  13. M. Ferrand, B. Huquet. S. Barbey, F. Barillet, F. Faucon, H. Larroque, O. Leray, J.M. Trommenschlager, M. Brochard (2011). M. Ferrand et al. Determination of fatty acid profile in cow's milk using mid-infrared spectrometry: Interest of applying a variable selection by genetic algorithms before a PLS regression. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems 106 (2011) 183?189. Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems.
  14. Lawrence K. Creamer, Alastair K.H. MacGibbon (1996). Lawrence K. Creamer, Alastair K.H. MacGibbon. Some recent advances in the basic chemistry of milk proteins and lipids. International Dairy J. (1996) 6(6):539-568 doi: 10.1016/0958-6946(96)85309-X. International Dairy Journal.
  15. A. Foroutan et al. (2019). A. Foroutan et al. The Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk (in preparation). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
  16. Fooddata+, The Technical University of Denmark (DTU) [Link]