Milk Composition Database: Showing metabocard for L-Alanine (BMDB0000161)

Identification Taxonomy Physical properties Spectra Concentrations Links References XML

Record Information

Version

1.0

Creation Date

2016-09-30 22:20:21 UTC

Update Date

2020-06-04 22:07:36 UTC

MCDB ID

BMDB0000161

Secondary Accession Numbers

BMDB00161

Metabolite Identification

Common Name

L-Alanine

Description

L-Alanine, also known as (S)-alanine or L-alpha-alanine, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alanine and derivatives. Alanine and derivatives are compounds containing alanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom. L-Alanine is a drug which is used for protein synthesis. L-Alanine exists as a solid, possibly soluble (in water), and a very strong basic compound (based on its pKa) molecule. L-Alanine exists in all living species, ranging from bacteria to humans. L-Alanine is a potentially toxic compound. L-Alanine has been found to be associated with several diseases known as eosinophilic esophagitis, late-onset preeclampsia, autism, and perillyl alcohol administration for cancer treatment; also l-alanine has been linked to the inborn metabolic disorders including glucagon deficiency.

Structure

MOL SDF PDB SMILES InChI

Synonyms

Value	Source
(2S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid	ChEBI
(S)-2-Aminopropanoic acid	ChEBI
(S)-Alanine	ChEBI
A	ChEBI
Ala	ChEBI
ALANINE	ChEBI
L-2-Aminopropionic acid	ChEBI
L-Alanin	ChEBI
L-alpha-Alanine	ChEBI
(2S)-2-Aminopropanoate	Generator
(S)-2-Aminopropanoate	Generator
L-2-Aminopropionate	Generator
L-a-Alanine	Generator
L-Α-alanine	Generator
(S)-(+)-Alanine	HMDB
(S)-2-Amino-propanoate	HMDB
(S)-2-Amino-propanoic acid	HMDB
2-Aminopropanoate	HMDB
2-Aminopropanoic acid	HMDB
2-Aminopropionate	HMDB
2-Aminopropionic acid	HMDB
2-Ammoniopropanoate	HMDB
2-Ammoniopropanoic acid	HMDB
a-Alanine	HMDB
a-Aminopropionate	HMDB
a-Aminopropionic acid	HMDB
alpha-Alanine	HMDB
alpha-Aminopropanoate	HMDB
alpha-Aminopropanoic acid	HMDB
alpha-Aminopropionate	HMDB
alpha-Aminopropionic acid	HMDB
L-(+)-Alanine	HMDB
L-2-Aminopropanoate	HMDB
L-2-Aminopropanoic acid	HMDB
L-a-Aminopropionate	HMDB
L-a-Aminopropionic acid	HMDB
L-alpha-Aminopropionate	HMDB
L-alpha-Aminopropionic acid	HMDB
Abufène	HMDB
Alanine doms-adrian brand	HMDB
Alanine, L-isomer	HMDB
Doms-adrian brand OF alanine	HMDB
Doms adrian brand OF alanine	HMDB
L-Isomer alanine	HMDB
Alanine, L isomer	HMDB
L Alanine	HMDB

Chemical Formula

C₃H₇NO₂

Average Molecular Weight

89.0932

Monoisotopic Molecular Weight

89.047678473

IUPAC Name

(2S)-2-aminopropanoic acid

Traditional Name

L-alanine

CAS Registry Number

56-41-7

SMILES

C[C@H](N)C(O)=O

InChI Identifier

InChI=1S/C3H7NO2/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2H,4H2,1H3,(H,5,6)/t2-/m0/s1

InChI Key

QNAYBMKLOCPYGJ-REOHCLBHSA-N

Chemical Taxonomy

Description

belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alanine and derivatives. Alanine and derivatives are compounds containing alanine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of alanine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Organic acids and derivatives

Class

Carboxylic acids and derivatives

Sub Class

Amino acids, peptides, and analogues

Direct Parent

Alanine and derivatives

Alternative Parents

Substituents

Alanine or derivatives
Alpha-amino acid
L-alpha-amino acid
Amino acid
Carboxylic acid
Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives
Hydrocarbon derivative
Organic oxygen compound
Primary amine
Organooxygen compound
Organonitrogen compound
Organic nitrogen compound
Primary aliphatic amine
Carbonyl group
Amine
Organopnictogen compound
Organic oxide
Aliphatic acyclic compound

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic acyclic compounds

External Descriptors

proteinogenic amino acid (CHEBI:16977 )
L-alpha-amino acid (CHEBI:16977 )
alanine (CHEBI:16977 )
pyruvate family amino acid (CHEBI:16977 )
Common amino acids (C00041 )

Physical Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Reference
Melting Point	300 °C	Not Available
Boiling Point	Not Available	Not Available
Water Solubility	204 mg/mL	Human Metabolome Project
LogP	-2.85	SANGSTER (1994)

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-3	ALOGPS
logP	-2.8	ChemAxon
logS	0.7	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	2.47	ChemAxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	9.48	ChemAxon
Physiological Charge	0	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	3	ChemAxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	ChemAxon
Polar Surface Area	63.32 Å²	ChemAxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	ChemAxon
Refractivity	20.5 m³·mol⁻¹	ChemAxon
Polarizability	8.49 Å³	ChemAxon
Number of Rings	0	ChemAxon
Bioavailability	1	ChemAxon
Rule of Five	Yes	ChemAxon
Ghose Filter	No	ChemAxon
Veber's Rule	No	ChemAxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	ChemAxon

Spectra

Spectrum Type	Description	Splash Key	Deposition Date	View
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)	splash10-014i-0900000000-c7f6dbace291e8305a4e	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (Non-derivatized)	splash10-014i-0900000000-381ddf4d9ea77be0b8a5	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (3 TMS)	splash10-01b9-6900000000-6a7c1bb2915e5dd0791f	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (2 TMS)	splash10-014i-1900000000-84b389f82562c29a8148	2014-06-16	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-00kf-9000000000-b2f7507be509a85d821b	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-014i-0900000000-941672891ab94cf5015d	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0f79-0910000000-47bd3e3aa274a653a64e	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-014i-0900000000-c7f6dbace291e8305a4e	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-014i-0900000000-381ddf4d9ea77be0b8a5	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-QQ (Non-derivatized)	splash10-0a4i-1940000000-5def9f7c902aaf1ef607	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Non-derivatized)	splash10-01b9-6900000000-6a7c1bb2915e5dd0791f	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
GC-MS	GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized)	splash10-014i-1900000000-84b389f82562c29a8148	2017-09-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-d31f7a2ed8284a740b59	2016-09-22	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS) - 70eV, Positive	splash10-0006-9100000000-ab365202f52df8e6d401	2017-10-06	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-10-12	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_1) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	View Spectrum
Predicted GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (TBDMS_1_2) - 70eV, Positive	Not Available	2021-11-05	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-55d0139f513946f76461	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-5b0dff13a98daf782205	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-37db595fcf7364600bc9	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-55d0139f513946f76461	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-5b0dff13a98daf782205	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-37db595fcf7364600bc9	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-9ca90486c916f938450b	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-e9e9900761fdd599ee3f	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-17dcfdd88dc79713c4b7	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-8cc23f8c1455fdf68df5	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 35V, Negative	splash10-000i-9000000000-7b5177095a55ce689565	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 33V, Negative	splash10-0uxr-9400000000-b26be1c8f3385f90fcc3	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 33V, Negative	splash10-02ti-9000000000-41eecbbaba19b8b0b536	2021-09-20	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0006-9000000000-96b54b269c91ab21be08	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0006-9000000000-a8008305399aa1097e1a	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, Positive (Annotated)	splash10-0006-9000000000-7253c912562200edc231	2012-07-24	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6M) , Positive	splash10-00kf-9000000000-72694f3a1a5de3b49790	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-5129e160acf979ac549e	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-11c20eba8c5ad41d806c	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-df7c7d6a6ae2d6bccefe	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 40V, Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-32477244247613182214	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 50V, Positive	splash10-000f-9002000000-4873ce0cdcac54d68186	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - CE-ESI-TOF (CE-system connected to 6210 Time-of-Flight MS, Agilent) , Positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-8193842b36c819ca3ec6	2012-08-31	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-fefc31c264a2f0fcf6d0	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
LC-MS/MS	LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , positive	splash10-0006-9000000000-ba42bcd60aa9182a780e	2017-09-14	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Not Available	2012-12-04	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 125 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Not Available	2012-12-04	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 100 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 1000 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 200 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 300 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 400 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 500 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 600 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 700 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 800 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹³C NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
1D NMR	¹H NMR Spectrum (1D, 900 MHz, D₂O, predicted)	Not Available	2021-09-29	View Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹H]-TOCSY. Unexported temporarily by An Chi on Oct 15, 2021 until json or nmrML file is generated. 2D NMR Spectrum (experimental)	Not Available	2012-12-04	View Spectrum
2D NMR	[¹H, ¹³C]-HSQC NMR Spectrum (2D, 600 MHz, H₂O, experimental)	Not Available	2012-12-05	View Spectrum

Concentrations

Status	Value	Reference	Details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 23438684	details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 25599412	details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 23497994	details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 23738862	details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 25108860	details
Detected but not Quantified	Not Applicable	PMID: 25087032	details
Detected and Quantified	29 - 78 uM	PMID: 22098372	details
Detected and Quantified	9 - 91 uM	PMID: 20338431	details
Detected and Quantified	13469 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	13469 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	13469 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	13469 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	12346 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	12346 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	12346 uM	Fooddata+, T...	details
Detected and Quantified	32 +/- 3 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	33 +/- 2 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	32 +/- 1 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	34 +/- 3 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	29 +/- 2 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	33 +/- 1 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	31 +/- 1 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	31 +/- 3 uM	PMID: 30994344	details
Detected and Quantified	28 +/- 6 uM	PMID: 29642378	details
Detected and Quantified	24 +/- 5.4 uM	PMID: 29642378	details
Detected and Quantified	29 +/- 5.91 uM	PMID: 29642378	details

External Links

HMDB ID

HMDB0000161

DrugBank ID

DB00160

Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available

FoodDB ID

KNApSAcK ID

Chemspider ID

KEGG Compound ID

BioCyc ID

BiGG ID

Wikipedia Link

METLIN ID

Not Available

PubChem Compound

5950

PDB ID

Not Available

ChEBI ID

16977

References

Synthesis Reference

Chibata I; Kakimoto T; Kato J Enzymatic production of L-alanine by Pseudomonas dacunhae. Applied microbiology (1965), 13(5), 638-45.

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

Download (PDF)

General References

Klein MS, Almstetter MF, Schlamberger G, Nurnberger N, Dettmer K, Oefner PJ, Meyer HH, Wiedemann S, Gronwald W: Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry-based milk metabolomics in dairy cows during early and late lactation. J Dairy Sci. 2010 Apr;93(4):1539-50. doi: 10.3168/jds.2009-2563. [PubMed:20338431 ]
Klein MS, Buttchereit N, Miemczyk SP, Immervoll AK, Louis C, Wiedemann S, Junge W, Thaller G, Oefner PJ, Gronwald W: NMR metabolomic analysis of dairy cows reveals milk glycerophosphocholine to phosphocholine ratio as prognostic biomarker for risk of ketosis. J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):1373-81. doi: 10.1021/pr201017n. Epub 2011 Dec 9. [PubMed:22098372 ]
Melzer N, Wittenburg D, Hartwig S, Jakubowski S, Kesting U, Willmitzer L, Lisec J, Reinsch N, Repsilber D: Investigating associations between milk metabolite profiles and milk traits of Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci. 2013 Mar;96(3):1521-34. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5743. [PubMed:23438684 ]
Sundekilde UK, Gustavsson F, Poulsen NA, Glantz M, Paulsson M, Larsen LB, Bertram HC: Association between the bovine milk metabolome and rennet-induced coagulation properties of milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6076-84. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8304. Epub 2014 Jul 30. [PubMed:25087032 ]
Buitenhuis AJ, Sundekilde UK, Poulsen NA, Bertram HC, Larsen LB, Sorensen P: Estimation of genetic parameters and detection of quantitative trait loci for metabolites in Danish Holstein milk. J Dairy Sci. 2013 May;96(5):3285-95. doi: 10.3168/jds.2012-5914. Epub 2013 Mar 15. [PubMed:23497994 ]
Scano P, Murgia A, Pirisi FM, Caboni P: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomic approach for the characterization of goat milk compared with cow milk. J Dairy Sci. 2014 Oct;97(10):6057-66. doi: 10.3168/jds.2014-8247. Epub 2014 Aug 6. [PubMed:25108860 ]
Lu J, Antunes Fernandes E, Paez Cano AE, Vinitwatanakhun J, Boeren S, van Hooijdonk T, van Knegsel A, Vervoort J, Hettinga KA: Changes in milk proteome and metabolome associated with dry period length, energy balance, and lactation stage in postparturient dairy cows. J Proteome Res. 2013 Jul 5;12(7):3288-96. doi: 10.1021/pr4001306. Epub 2013 Jun 5. [PubMed:23738862 ]
Sun HZ, Wang DM, Wang B, Wang JK, Liu HY, Guan le L, Liu JX: Metabolomics of four biofluids from dairy cows: potential biomarkers for milk production and quality. J Proteome Res. 2015 Feb 6;14(2):1287-98. doi: 10.1021/pr501305g. Epub 2015 Jan 28. [PubMed:25599412 ]
Mung D, Li L: Development of Chemical Isotope Labeling LC-MS for Milk Metabolomics: Comprehensive and Quantitative Profiling of the Amine/Phenol Submetabolome. Anal Chem. 2017 Apr 18;89(8):4435-4443. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03737. Epub 2017 Mar 28. [PubMed:28306241 ]
O'Callaghan TF, Vazquez-Fresno R, Serra-Cayuela A, Dong E, Mandal R, Hennessy D, McAuliffe S, Dillon P, Wishart DS, Stanton C, Ross RP: Pasture Feeding Changes the Bovine Rumen and Milk Metabolome. Metabolites. 2018 Apr 6;8(2). pii: metabo8020027. doi: 10.3390/metabo8020027. [PubMed:29642378 ]
Mung D, Li L: Applying quantitative metabolomics based on chemical isotope labeling LC-MS for detecting potential milk adulterant in human milk. Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Feb 25;1001:78-85. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.019. Epub 2017 Nov 14. [PubMed:29291809 ]
A. Foroutan et al. (2019). A. Foroutan et al. The Chemical Composition of Commercial Cow's Milk (in preparation). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Fooddata+, The Technical University of Denmark (DTU) [Link]

Showing metabocard for L-Alanine (BMDB0000161)

Structure for BMDB0000161 (L-Alanine)